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Sedimentometric Practices Guide (Carvalho et al., 2014)
Hydrologic Studies and Information Department ?SIH SEDIMENTOMETRIC PRACTICES GUIDE Newton de Oliveira Carvalho Civil Engineer ?DSC Consultor in Hydrossedimentology Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil Naziano Pantoja Filizola J鷑ior Geologist ?Master Sci. and Doctor Federal University of Amazonas Manaus, AM - Brazil Paulo Marcos Coutinho dos Santos Geologist ANA ?National Agency for Water Bras韑ia, DF - Brazil Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima Agron. Engineer ?Master Sci. and Doctor EMBRAPA ?CERRADOS Bras韑ia, DF - Brazil Brasilia, DF ?2000 Revised ?English version - 2014 Note ?This booklet in English is a version to English of the original one named Guia de Pr醫icas Sedimentom閠ricas written in 2000 for ANEEL, Ag阯cia Nacional de Energia El閠rica, by the authors mentioned. This new version was revised and actualized. Ficha catalogr醘ica do material original ?vers鉶 em Portugu阺: CARVALHO, N.O.; FILIZOLA J贜IOR, N.P.; SANTOS, P.M.C.; LIMA, J.E.F.W. Guia de pr醫icas sedimentom閠ricas. Bras韑ia: ANEEL. 2000. 154p.
BRAZILIAN ELECTRICITY REGULATORY AGENCY - ANEEL Hydrologic Studies and Information Department - SIH Brasilia, DF ?September/2000 ____________ SEDIMENTOMETRIC PRACTICES GUIDE SUMMARY 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 6 2. The relevance of the Fluvial Sedimentology Study ...............?...................... 6 3. Fluvial sedimentology and the 揜ocks Cycle?...............?............................. 8 3.1 Sediment load and sediment discharge........................................................ 10 4. Sedimentometry................................................................................................. 11 4.1 Sedimentometric Network planning厖厖? ..................................... 13 4.1.1 Definition of the network type and sites to be monitored..................... 14 4.1.2 Gaging stations installation and sampling frequency?...................... 16 4.1.3 Measurement methods厖厖厖厖?...................................... 17 4.1.4 Sampling techniques and type of equipment厖厖厖厖厖. 19 4.2 Sedimentometric network operation.......................................................... 21 4.2.1 Sampling Techniques................?....................................................... 22 a) Suspended material sampling...........?............................................... 22 b) Bed material sampling.......................................................................... 30 c) Direct measurement of bed discharge.................................................... 31 d) Large rivers sampling ........?.............................................................. 31 4.2.2 Definition of proper material .......................................................?. 31 4.2.3 Definition of equipment during sampling....................厖厖厖. 32 a) Equipment for suspended sample...................................................... 33 b) Equipment for bed material sample.................................................... 37 4.2.4 Equipment calibration............. ............................................................. 39 4.2.5 Equipment maintenance...................................................................... 40 4.2.6 New equipment for suspended sediment.............................................. 41 4.2.7 New equipment for bed sediments...................................................... 45 4.2.8 New laboratorial equipment.................................................................. 46 4.2.9 Special care with field sampling?...................................................... 47 4.3 Laboratorial Analysis..........................厖.............................................. 49 4.3.1 Sample delivery and management?...............................?.............. 50 4.3.2 Kinds and methods of analysis ........................................................... 51 4.3.3 Volume of samples required for analysis?........................................ 54 4.3.4 Limitations for analysis methods?......................厖....................... 56 4.3.5 Concentration analysis?filtration and evaporation ............................. 58 a) Filtration method .................................................................................. 59 b) Evaporation method............................................................................. 60 4.3.6 Granulometric analysis of suspended and bed material...................... 61 a) Settling tube ?bottom withdrawal tube................................................ 62 b) Pipet厖 ............................................................................................ 64 c) Densimeter .......................................................................................... 64 d) Visual accumulation tube .................................................................... 65 e) Sieve厖? ....................................................................................... 67 f) Trace and use of granulometric curves................................................ 68 4.4 Gross Data Processing.............................................................................. 69 4.4.1 Data processing and consistency analysis........................................... 69 a) Suspended Sediment Charge............................................................... 71 b) Bed sediment and bed material discharge........................................... 72 c) Bed discharge in direct measures......................................................... 73 d) Bed discharge and bed material discharge in indirect measures.......... 73 e) Total sediment discharge..................................................................... 79 f) Data processing for daily observation...厖...................................... 80 g) Data processing for eventual observation厖?.............................. 81 h) Error analysis and consistency analysis?........................................... 82 4.4.2 Data availability (The case of ANEEL)................................................ 85 Bibliography references for consultation............................................................. 89 Glossary of terms, units and symbols?............................................................. 92 Annex.................................................................................................................... 97 |
