Papers Published in the International Journal of Sediment Research Volume 32, No. 1, 2017
Author: 系统管理员Source: Updated: 2017-04-05

International Journal of Sediment Research

Cover image International Journal of Sediment Research
Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 1-136 (March 2017)

Evaluating methods to quantify sediment volumes trapped behind check dams, Saldaña badlands (Spain)
Iván Ramos-Diez, Joaquín Navarro-Hevia, Roberto San Martín Fernández, Virginia Díaz-Gutiérrez, Jorge Mongil-Manso
Pages 1-11,
 
A semi-physical sediment yield model for estimation of suspended sediment in loess region
Wei Si, Weimin Bao, Peng Jiang, Liping Zhao, Simin Qu
Pages 12-19
 
Numerical investigation of the factors influencing the vertical profiles of current, salinity, and SSC within a turbidity maximum zone
Yuanyang Wan, Li Wang
Pages 20-33
 
Evolution of the Yellow River delta, China: Impacts of channel avulsion and progradation
Shan Zheng, Baosheng Wu, Kairong Wang, Guangming Tan, Shasha Han, Colin R. Thorne
Pages 34-44
 
Turbulent structure in uniform inclined open channel flow over different rough porous beds, International Journal of Sediment Research
Evangelos Keramaris
Pages 45-52
 
On the mechanisms of the saltating motion of bedload, International Journal of Sediment Research
Youhua Chen, Yuchuan Bai, Dong Xu
Pages 53-59
 
Influence of agricultural development and climate changes on the drainage valley density of the southern half of the Russian Plain
Valentin Golosov, Nadezhda Ivanova, Saniya Kurbanova
Pages 60-72
 
Experimental study of bed-load transport using particle motion tracking, International Journal of Sediment Research
Jaeho Shim, Jennifer G. Duan
Pages 73-81

Characteristics of micro-interface adsorption kinetics between sediments and Cu ions
Zhihe Chen, Bingchuan Zeng
Pages 82-89
 
Investigation of trace metals distribution in water, sediments and wetland plants of Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey
Mehmet Soner Engin, Ahmet Uyanik, Seydahmet Cay
Pages 90-97
 
Laboratory measurements of vortex-induced sediment pickup rates
Niansheng Cheng, Adel Emadzadeh
Pages 98-104
 
Numerical simulation of dam-break flow and bed change considering the vegetation effects
Zhiguo He, Ting Wu, Haoxuan Weng, Peng Hu, Gangfeng Wu
Pages 105-120
 
Variation in hydraulic geometry for stable versus incised streams in the Yazoo River basin – USA
Nidal Hadadin
Pages 121-126
 
Evaluation and modification of some empirical and semi-empirical approaches for prediction of area-storage capacity curves in reservoirs of dams
Issa E. Issa, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Govand Sherwany, Sven Knutsson
Pages 127-135
 
 
 
Full papers are available at ScienceDirect:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10016279,
===============================================================
 
Iván Ramos-Diez, Joaquín Navarro-Hevia, Roberto San Martín Fernández, Virginia Díaz-Gutiérrez, Jorge Mongil-Manso, Evaluating methods to quantify sediment volumes trapped behind check dams, Saldaña badlands (Spain), International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 1-11, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.06.005.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300439)
Abstract: Abstract
The determination of sediment yield in catchments based on the sediment trapped by check dams is becoming a subject of interest. In fact, several methods have been developed in recent years to estimate the sediment retained by check dams. The complexity, precision and accuracy of each method vary greatly. In this study, we evaluate the sediment trapped by check dams comparing the Sections method respect to the Prism, Pyramid, DTMs and Trapezoid methods. We analyzed a sample of 25 check dams (α−1=90%; ϵ=10%) in the Saldaña badlands (Spain). The results showed that the Sections method offered a volume of retained sediment between the others, which gave an absolute variation from 22% to 40%. The high variability of the check dam and sediment wedge sizes made necessary to compare methods in groups combining both characteristics. No significant differences in sediment volumes could be found between the methods for very small (height (h): 1.8–2.3 m; trapped volume (V): 6–102 m3) or large check dams (h>2.3 m; V: 165–387 m3), while significant differences are found for small (h<1.5 m; V: 1−229 m3) or middle-sized check dams (h: 2.2–3.2 m; V: 65−235 m3). Nevertheless, volume differences between groups ranged up to ±25%. For these reason, the size of the check dam, the shape of the sediment wedge and the accuracy of the measure methods must considered when selecting an appropriate method to obtain the volume of retained sediment by check dams. A correct estimation of the sediment retention is needed to evaluate the role and efficiency of check dams in restoration projects or to estimate sediment yields.
Keywords: Erosion; Gullies; Check dam construction; Sediment retention; Erosion models; Topographic survey

Wei Si, Weimin Bao, Peng Jiang, Liping Zhao, Simin Qu, A semi-physical sediment yield model for estimation of suspended sediment in loess region, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 12-19, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2015.10.002.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627915000694)
Abstract: Abstract
Sediment yield is a complex function of many environmental factors including climate, hydrology, vegetation, basin topography, soil types, and land cover. We present a new semi-physical watershed sediment yield model for the estimation of suspended sediment in loess region. This model is composed by three modules in slope, gully, and stream phases. For slope sediment yield, a balance equation is established based on the concept of hydraulic erosion capacity and soil erosion resistance capacity. According to the statistical analysis of watershed characteristics, we use an exponential curve to approximately describe the spatial variability of watershed soil erosion resistance capacity. In gully phase, the relationship between gully sediment concentration and flow velocity is established based on the Bagnold׳ stream power function. In the stream phase, we assume a linear dependence of the sediment volume in the reach on the weighted sediment input and output. The proposed sediment yield model is operated in conjunction with a conceptual hydrologic model, and is tested over 16 regions including testing grounds, and small, medium and large watersheds in the loess plateau region in the mid-reach of Yellow River. Our results indicate that the model is reasonable in structure and is able to provide a good simulation of sediment generation and transportation processes at both flood event scale and inter-annual time scale. The proposed model is generally applicable to the watersheds with soil texture similar to that of the loess plateau region in the Yellow River basin in China.
Keywords: Hydraulic erosion capacity; Erosion resistance capacity; Sediment yield; Suspended sediment; Loess region

Yuanyang Wan, Li Wang, Numerical investigation of the factors influencing the vertical profiles of current, salinity, and SSC within a turbidity maximum zone, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 20-33, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.07.003.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300580)
Abstract: Abstract
The flow-sediment interaction plays a considerable role on the vertical (internal) profiles of current, salinity and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) within a turbidity maximum zone (TMZ). Numerical modeling provides valuable insights into the complex estuarine physical processes. By combining numerical modeling with field observations, the influencing factors of fine sediment dynamics within the TMZ of Yangtze Estuary have been explored in this study. Firstly, during the neap tide, the measured data present that the current is too weak to break the density stratification, and the vertical flow structure is effectively altered. Secondly, a three-dimensional numerical model based on the Delft3D has been developed and a range of numerical sensitivity analyses were carried out to distinguish the dominant mechanisms and physical processes responsible for the phenomena observed from the measurement data. The numerical investigation highlights the following findings. (1) The vertical profile of currents within the TMZ is largely affected by saltwater intrusion, especially during lower currents when the baroclinic pressure gradient can significantly reshape the local vertical profiles of velocity. (2) The baroclinic effects are primarily determined by the stratification of salinity. (3) In addition to salinity, SSC also influences the local density stratification when its contribution to fluid density is comparable to that of salinity. (4) The settling velocity determines the overall sediment distribution and vertical profiles of the SSC in the water column. The SSC-dependent settling velocity (including the flocculation-induced acceleration and hindered settling deceleration phases) affects the longitudinal movement of the sediments. (5) The vertical profiles of current, salinity and SSC within the TMZ are highly associated with the turbulence determined by the model. The approach to modulate the vertical eddy viscosity in the model, based on the empirical dependency between Rig and Prt, may lead to a numerical instability in the stratified flow. In order to improve the stratification of SSC, additional turbulence damping effect is suggested to be implemented in the model.
Keywords: Turbidity maximum zone (TMZ); Fine sediment; Residual circulation; Yangtze Estuary; Modelling; Tidal asymmetry; Stratification; Turbulence; Salinity

Shan Zheng, Baosheng Wu, Kairong Wang, Guangming Tan, Shasha Han, Colin R. Thorne, Evolution of the Yellow River delta, China: Impacts of channel avulsion and progradation, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 34-44, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.10.001.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300592)
Abstract: Abstract
The evolution of the Yellow River delta is characterized by heavy sediment load, rapid seaward migration, frequent avulsions, and intense anthropogenic disturbances. Evolution of the delta channel following avulsions is very complex and has not yet been thoroughly understood. In the research presented by this paper, we conducted comprehensive analyses of the changes in the water stages, slopes, longitudinal profiles, and the erosion and deposition in the Yellow River delta channels during a time period of over five decades. Results showed that, following each avulsion, channels migrated seaward at decaying rates and the slopes at the downstream of the avulsion point decreased exponentially with time and completed its major adjustment within about four to five years. A generalized geometric model was proposed to describe the changes in the longitudinal profiles of the delta channels. A calculation method to determine the characteristic water stages at the delta was proposed based on the geometric model and the delayed response model for the morphological responses of fluvial rivers to perturbations. Water stages corresponding to a discharge of 3000 m3/s at Lijin and Xihekou during 1954 through 2012 were calculated by using the proposed method. The proposed method may be used to predict the evolution of the delta channels in response to artificial avulsions at the Yellow River delta in the future.
Keywords: Yellow River delta; Avulsion; Channel progradation; Characteristic water stage; Delayed response model

Evangelos Keramaris, Turbulent structure in uniform inclined open channel flow over different rough porous beds, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 45-52, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.04.006.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300208)
Abstract: Abstract
In this study the effects of the different rough porous beds in an open inclined channel are studied experimentally for impermeable and permeable porous bed. For the simulation of porous bed two different types of permeable bed with the same thickness (s′=3 cm) and the same porosity ε=0.70 are used: (a) porous filters and (b) gravel bed. Laboratory experiments were used for the calculation of turbulent velocity profiles. Measurements of velocity were taken for inclined channel for three different slopes (S=−0.002, S=−0.004 and S=−0.006) and for five different flow depths (h=5 cm, 7 cm, 9 cm, 11 cm and 13 cm). The total discharge Q varies from 0.78 to 1.31 l/s. The measurements were obtained using a two-dimensional (2D) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The total discharge was estimated using a calibrated venture apparatus. Results showed that the presence of rough porous bed in inclined open channels influence significantly the turbulent characteristics of the flow in comparison with impermeable open channels with the same slopes.
Keywords: Particle image velocimetry; Porous filters; Gravel bed; Channel slope; Turbulent characteristics

Youhua Chen, Yuchuan Bai, Dong Xu, On the mechanisms of the saltating motion of bedload, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 53-59, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.07.001.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300415)
Abstract: Abstract
Saltation of sediment particles is an important pattern of bedload transport. Based on force analysis for sediment particles, a Lagrangian model was proposed for the saltating motion of bedload in river flows, which was then solved with numerical method. Simulation results on the saltating trajectories neglecting particle rotation and turbulence effects compare fairly well with experimental observations. The mean values of the saltation parameters (saltation height, length and velocity) also agree well with the previous experimental data. Based on the numerical results, regression equations for the dimensionless saltation height, length and velocity were presented. Using the numerically achieved characteristics of the sediment saltation, we also obtained mathematical expression for the sediment transport rate. The studies in this paper are significant for its contribution to mechanism of the bedload motion and the computation of sediment transport rate.
Keywords: Bedload; Saltation; Numerical model; Transport rate

Valentin Golosov, Nadezhda Ivanova, Saniya Kurbanova, Influence of agricultural development and climate changes on the drainage valley density of the southern half of the Russian Plain, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 60-72, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.11.002.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916301287)
Abstract: Abstract
The southern half of the Russian Plain is characterized by a relatively short history of intensively ploughed lands. The duration varies from approximately three centuries in the southern part of the forest zone to less than one century in some parts of the steppe zone. It was found that after cultivation, on more than 40% of lands in river basins the drainage valley density (Ddv) decreased by 15–58% in all landscape zones. In the first stage, the Ddv decrease was mostly associated with increasing surface runoff coefficient after cultivation of virgin lands with proportional decreases in groundwater runoff. In the second stage, usually after reaching areas of arable lands in river basins >60%, the volume of eroded sediments entering small river channels exceeded the transport capacities of the permanent watercourses. As a result, the river channels completely silted. In later stages, the sediment redistribution cascade within the small river basins of the Russian Plain stabilized because of the increasing proportion of sediment eroded from the basin areas and re-deposited before entering the river channels because of the increasing area of sediment sinks due to the increase in dry valley lengths and total areas. The morphological parameters of small valleys and groundwater discharges are the key parameters that affect the intensity of small river aggradation on the regional scale.
Keywords: Soil erosion; Sediment redistribution; Climate change; Land use change; European Russia

Jaeho Shim, Jennifer G. Duan, Experimental study of bed-load transport using particle motion tracking, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 73-81, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.10.002.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300695)
Abstract: Abstract
A series of experiments were conducted in a flume to study bed-load transport. The motion of bed-load particles was captured by a series of images taken by a high-speed camera.A novelparticle motion tracking method was developed to automatically detect all the moving particles and calculate the instantaneous particle velocities. The instantaneous bed load transport rate was calculated based on particle velocity and the volume of moving particles. To verify this method, bed load transport rate based on the image processing technique was compared to the manually measured ones as well as data from other experiments. Results showed that the new technique made it possible to quantify the spatial and temporal variations of bed load transport rate at the individual particle scale.
Keywords: Bed-load transport; Particle tracking; Particle velocity

Zhihe Chen, Bingchuan Zeng, Characteristics of micro-interface adsorption kinetics between sediments and Cu ions, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 82-89, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.06.003.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300403)
Abstract: Abstract
This work investigates the adsorption of Cu ions in sediments by conducting batch experiments, including isothermal experiments and adsorption kinetics experiments. Data from isothermal experiments were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, and the experimental kinetic data were fit using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, liquid film diffusion and intra-particle diffusion models. The Langmuir model resulted in the best fit for the equilibrium data, which indicated that the adsorption capacity of Cu ions on the sediment was 1.0403 mg g−1 with a K L value of 4.2877 L mg−1. The Freundlich and Temkin models also provided good fits, and the n F and A values were 3.8565 and 66.9964 L mg−1, respectively, indicating stronger adsorption intensities and adsorption energies between the Cu ions and the sediment. Compared with the pseudo-first-order and Elovich models, the pseudo-second-order model was more appropriate for describing the adsorption kinetics, indicating the chemisorption nature of adsorption. The adsorption kinetic process can be divided into film diffusion, pore diffusion and adsorption reactions. The controlling step for the adsorption kinetics changed with the development of the adsorption process. The entire adsorption process took 180 min. Film diffusion was the controlling step for the first 20 min. During the 20 to 60 min period, the pore diffusion gradually increased and the film diffusion decreased so that both phenomena coexisted. Pore diffusion was the controlling step during the 60–180 min period.
Keywords: Sediments; Cu ions; Adsorption; Isotherms; Kinetics

Mehmet Soner Engin, Ahmet Uyanik, Seydahmet Cay, Investigation of trace metals distribution in water, sediments and wetland plants of Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 90-97, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.03.004.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300166)
Abstract: Abstract
In this study, accumulation and distribution of Pb, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Mn and Fe in water, bottom sediments and four plant species (Myriophyllum verticillatum, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Nymphaea alba and Typha latifolia) were investigated in Çernek Lake of Kızılırmak Delta. The Kızılırmak Delta is one of the largest natural wetlands of Turkey and it is protected by the Ramsar convention since 1993. Selected physico–chemical parameters such as pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen and also trace metal concentrations were monitored in water. All the parameters obtained were found higher than that of the national standards for the protected lakes and reserves. The accumulated amounts of various trace metals in bottom sediments and wetland plants were found in the following order of Fe>Mn>Zn>Ni>Co>Cu>Pb and Fe>Mn>Zn>Ni>Co respectively. The historical trace metal intake of Myriophyllum verticillatum, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Typha latifolia and Nymphaea alba were obtained higher than that of the toxic metal levels and these plants may be accepted as accumulators for the detected trace metals and also bio-indicators in the historically polluted natural areas.
Keywords: Trace metals; Wetland plants; BCF; Pollution; Phytoremediation; Kızılırmak Delta

Niansheng Cheng, Adel Emadzadeh, Laboratory measurements of vortex-induced sediment pickup rates, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 98-104, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.04.005.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300191)
Abstract: Abstract
In the present study, vortices were generated in open channel flow with a cross-flow cylinder installed horizontally near the bed. Sediment pickup rates were then measured over the channel bed downstream the cylinder using a sediment lift. The experimental data show that the pickup rate increases exponentially in the presence of vortices. Two different relationships can be clearly observed between the pickup rate and the maximum root-mean-square (rms) value of the streamwise velocity fluctuation, one for the cylinder-obstructed flow and the other for the unobstructed flow. The results imply that the vortex-induced sediment pickup cannot be explained based on the traditional boundary layer theory.
Keywords: Sediment pickup rate; Vortex; Turbulence; Cylinder

Zhiguo He, Ting Wu, Haoxuan Weng, Peng Hu, Gangfeng Wu, Numerical simulation of dam-break flow and bed change considering the vegetation effects, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 105-120, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2015.04.004.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100162791500030X)
Abstract: Abstract
Existing numerical investigations of dam-break flows rarely consider the effects of vegetation. This paper presents a depth-averaged two-dimensional model for dam-break flows over mobile and vegetated beds. In the model, both the consequences of reducing space for storing mass and momentum by the existence of vegetation and dragging the flow are considered: the former is considered by introducing a factor ( 1 − c ) to the flow depth, where c is the vegetation density; the later is considered by including an additional sink term in the momentum equations. The new governing equations are discretized by the finite volume method; and an existing second-order central-upwind scheme embedded with the hydrostatic reconstruction method for water depth, is used to estimate the fluxes; the source terms are estimated by either explicit or semi-explicit methods fulfilling the stability requirement. Laboratory experiments of dam-break flows or quasi-steady flows with/without vegetation effects/sediment transport are simulated. The good agreements between the measurements and the numerical simulations demonstrate a satisfactory performance of the model in reproducing the flow depth, velocity and bed deformation depth. Numerical case studies of six scenarios of dam-break flows over a mobile and vegetated bed are conducted. It is shown that when the area of the vegetation zone, the vegetation density, and the pattern of the vegetation distribution are varied, the resulted bed morphological change differs greatly, suggesting a great influence of vegetation on the dam-break flow evolution. Specifically, the vegetation may divert the direction of the main flow, hindering the flow and thus result in increased deposition upstream of the vegetation.
Keywords: Dam-break flow; Sediment transport; Vegetation effects; Numerical modeling

Nidal Hadadin, Variation in hydraulic geometry for stable versus incised streams in the Yazoo River basin – USA, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 121-126, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.03.003.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916300130)
Abstract: Abstract
The effects of basin hydrology on hydraulic geometry of channels variability for incised streams were investigated using available field data sets and models of watershed hydrology and channel hydraulics for the Yazoo River basin, USA. The study presents the hydraulic geometry relations of bankfull discharge, channel width, mean depth, cross-sectional area, longitudinal slope, unit stream power, and mean velocity at bankfull discharge as a function of drainage area using simple linear regression. The hydraulic geometry relations were developed for 61 streams, 20 of them are classified as channel evolution model (CEM) Types IV and V and 41 of them are CEM streams Types II and III. These relationships are invaluable to hydraulic and water resources engineers, hydrologists, and geomorphologists involved in stream restoration and protection. These relations can be used to assist in field identification of bankfull stage and stream dimension in un-gauged watersheds as well as estimation of the comparative stability of a stream channel. A set of hydraulic geometry relations are presented in this study, these empirical relations describe physical correlations for stable and incised channels. Cross-sectional area, which combines the effects of channel width and mean channel depth, was found to be highly responsive to changes in drainage area and bankfull discharge. Analyses of cross-sectional area, channel width, mean channel depth, and mean velocity in conjunction with changes in drainage area and bankfull discharge indicated that the channel width is much more responsive to changes in both drainage area and bankfull discharge than are mean channel depth or mean velocity.
Keywords: Yazoo River basin; Incised streams; Drainage area; Hydraulic geometry; Statistical analysis

Issa E. Issa, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Govand Sherwany, Sven Knutsson, Evaluation and modification of some empirical and semi-empirical approaches for prediction of area-storage capacity curves in reservoirs of dams, International Journal of Sediment Research, Volume 32, Issue 1, March 2017, Pages 127-135, ISSN 1001-6279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2015.12.001.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627916000020)
Abstract: Abstract
The storage capacity of reservoirs is gradually reduced due to sediment accumulation that causes changes in the area-storage capacity (ASC) curves. Establishing these curves and predicting their future change is an important issue for planners, designers and operators of dams. Many empirical and semi-empirical approaches have been suggested for establishing and predicting the future changes for these curves. In this study four empirical and semi-empirical methods were evaluated and three of them were modified to be used for the prediction of changes in the ASC curves due to sedimentation, based on the existing sedimentation survey data for 11 reservoirs in the USA. For evaluation, these approaches were reviewed and used to determine sedimentation depth and establishing the ASC curves for the Mosul dam reservoir (MDR), which is the biggest hydraulic structure on the River Tigris in northern Iraq. MDR started operating in 1986 with a storage capacity of 11.11 km3 and a water surface area 380 km2 at normal operation stage (330 m a.s.l.). The results obtained from these methods were evaluated using observed bathymetric survey data that had been collected in 2011 after 25 years of the operation of the dam. The evaluation results showed three methods had presented more accurate results for estimating water depth or sedimentation depth at dam site with percentage error about 1.06–3.30%. Whilst for establishing ASC curves, one method presented good agreement result with survey data. Furthermore, ASC and sedimentation depths at dam site of MDR for periods 50, 75, 100 and 125 years were estimated using the modified approaches and the area reduction method. The results of the modified methods provided reasonable agreement when compared with the area reduction method proposed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the agreement became better with an increase in time period.
Keywords: Area-capacity curves; Reservoir sedimentation; Area reduction method; Mosul dam
Produced By CMS 网站群内容管理系统 publishdate:2018/07/03 10:22:32